Effects of emulsified oil and lysophospholipid on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and blood parameters in early-lactating Holstein cows under heat stress

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Article (Regular Paper)

Authors

1 Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran

2 Animal Nutrition, Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of emulsified oil (EO) and lysophospholipid (LPL) supplementation on early-lactating Holstein cows under heat stress. Fifteen multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to a completely randomized design for 70 days with three dietary treatments: 1) a basal diet containing (dry matter basis; DM) 1.52% pure fat powder (PFP; control); 2) the basal diet supplemented with 0.15% LPL (partially replacing PFP); and 3) the basal diet supplemented with 1.52% EO (completely replacing 1.52% PFP). Dry matter intake and milk yield were recorded daily. Milk and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment. The average temperature-humidity index (THI) during the study was 71. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect DM intake or average milk yield (P>0.05). Milk fat yield was significantly greater in the EO group compared with the LPL and PFP groups (P<0.05). Supplementation with EO increased milk yield during weeks 2, 3, and 6 relative to PFP (P<0.05). Cows receiving EO exhibited lower proportions of C16:0 and higher proportions of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 fatty acids (P<0.05). Plasma glucose concentrations were elevated in cows fed EO compared with the other treatments (P<0.05), whereas cholesterol concentrations were reduced by both EO and LPL compared with PFP (P<0.05). Emulsified oil supplementation significantly decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels relative to PFP (P<0.05), while plasma albumin concentrations were higher in the LPL and PFP groups than in EO (P<0.05). In addition, EO supplementation significantly reduced plasma creatine phosphokinase activity compared with PFP (P<0.05). Overall, EO supplementation enhanced milk fat yield, improved milk unsaturated fatty acid profile, and optimized blood metabolites, indicating its potential to support metabolic efficiency and lactational performance in early-lactating Holstein cows under heat stress condition.

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References

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