Evaluation of milk characteristics of Gazvini goats and their F1 and F2 crosses with Saanen

Document Type : Original Research Article (Regular Paper)

Authors

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, PO Box 416, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran.

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of crossbreeding on milk yield, physical and chemical composition and fatty acid profiles of milk fat in Qazvini goats and its crosses with Saanen goats. Records of 316 lactations and 1745 test-day milk were available for Qazvini (Q), Qazvini×Saanen (QS), and QS×Saanen (QSS) goats. The least squares means and standard errors of daily milk yield in Q, QS, and QSS goats were 716±75, 1188±61, and 1373±107 g/day, during the lactation length of 163, 160 and 166 days, respectively. In Q milk, the percentages of total solids, fat, protein, lactose and ash, and the density (-1000, g L-1) and freezing point (-°C) were 15.12, 6.01, 3.39, 4.91, 0.80, 29.91 and -0.601 being higher (P<0.01) than those of crossbred goats (except for milk density). Concentration of milk saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for Q, QS, and QSS were 68.31, 67.42, 75.34, and 2.74, 4.10 and 3.25 g/100g total fatty acids, respectively (P<0.05).   Concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for those groups were 20.16, 19.18 and 18.43 g/100g total fatty acids, respectively (P>0.05). Despite decreased concentration of milk components, crossbreeding might be recommended in increasing the milk production and the amount of PUFA fatty acids in Qazvini goats.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  • Bett, R.C., Kosgey, I.S., Kahi, A.K., Petersa, K.J., 2011. Definition of breeding objectives and optimum crossbreeding levels for goats in the smallholder production systems. Small Rumination Research 96, 16-24.
  • Bouattour, M.A., Casals, R., Albanell, E., Such, X., Caja, G., 2008. Feeding soybean oil to dairy goats increases conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Journal of Dairy Scince 91, 2399-2407.
  • Chowdhury, S.A., Rexroth, H., Peters, J., 2002. Lactation performance of German Fawn goat in relation to feeding level and dietary protein protection. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 15, 222-237.
  • Ciappesoni, G., Přibyl, J., Milerski, M., Mareš, V., 2004. Factors affecting goat milk yield and its composition. Czech Journal of Animal Science 49, 465-473.
  • Cívico, A., Sánchez, N.N., Gómez-Cortés, P., de la Fuente, M.A., Blanco, F.P., Juárez, M., Achille, A., Marín, A.L.M., 2017. Odd- and branched-chain fatty acids in goat milk as indicators of the diet composition. Italian Journal of Animal Science 16, 68-74.
  • Currò, S., Manuelian, C.L., De Marchi, M., De Palo, P., Claps, S., Maggiolino, A., Campanile, G., Rufrano, D., Fontana, A., Pedota, G., Neglia, G., 2019. Autochthonous dairy goat breeds showed better milk quality than Saanen under the same environmental conditions. Archives of Animal Breeding 62, 83-89.
  • D’Urso, S., Cutrignelli, M.I., Calabro`, S., Bovera, F., Tudisco, R., Piccolo, V., Infascelli, F., 2008. Influence of pasture on fatty acid profile of goat milk. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 92, 405-410.
  • De Cardona, K.L., Scanapieco, A.D.G., Braun, P.G., 2017. Goat production in El Salvador: a focus on animal health, milking hygiene, and raw milk quality. Journal of Food Quality 8951509, 1-7.
  • Delgado-Pertí˜nez, M., Gutiérrez-Pe˜na, R., Mena, Y., Fernández-Cabanás, V.M., Laberye, D., 2013. Milk production, fatty acid composition and vitamin E content of Payoya goats according to grazing level in summer on Mediterranean shrublands. Small Ruminant Research 114, 167-175.
  • Emami, A., Fathi-Nasri, M.H., Ganjkhanlou, M., Rashidi, L., Zali, A., 2016. Effect of pomegranate seed oil as a source of conjugated linolenic acid on performance and milk fatty acid profile of dairy goats. Livestock Science 193, 1-7.
  • FAOSTAT, 2019a. Available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QA [29 Septamber. 2019].
  • FAOSTAT, 2019b. Available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QL [29 Septamber. 2019].
  • Fernandez, F.J., Vazquez, H.C., Castillo-Juarez, H., Saltijeral-Oaxaca, J.A., Gonzalez-Montana, J.R., Fernandez, M., 2008. Somatic cell counts and quality of goat milk produced in the central region of Mexico. Research Journal of Dairy Science 2, 45-50.
  • Gaddour, A., Najari, S., Ferchichi, A., 2009. Lactation curve of local goat, pure breeds and crosses in Southern Tunisia. Journal of Applied Animal Research 36, 153-157.
  • Gooki, F.G., Mohammadabadi, M., Fozi, M.A., Soflaei, M., 2019. Association of biometric traits with growth hormone gene diversity in Raini Cashmere goats. Walailak Journal of Science and Technology 16, 499-508.
  • Güzeler, N., Say, D., Kaçar, A. 2010. Compositional changes of Saanen×Kilis goats' milk during lactation. Gida 35, 325-330.
  • Hoseini, S.M., Ghazikhani, A., Kalantar, M., 2011. Comparison the genetic potential of some growth & milk traits of hybrid crossed Saanen with native Goat Lori Black goat versus native goats in Qom province. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 1, 1297-1299.
  • Hosseini, S.M., Yang, L.G., Abbas-Raza, S.H., Khan, R., Kalantar, M., Syed, S.F., Kakar, M.U., Manzoor, R., 2017. Comparison of weight gain, milk production, and milk composition of Iranian Mamasani goat and its cross with Saanen. Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry 5, 1-3.
  • Ishag, I.A., Abdalla, S.A., Ahmad, M.K.A., 2012. Factors affecting milk production traits of Saanen goat raised under Sudan-semi arid conditions. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research 1, 435-438.
  • Jaafar, S.H.S., Hashim, R., Hassan, Z., Arifin, N., 2018. A comparative study on physicochemical characteristics of raw goat milk collected from different farms in Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research 29, 195-212.
  • Katanos, J., Skapetas, B., Laga, V., 2005. Machine milking ability and milk composition of some imported dairy goat breeds and some crosses in Greece. Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, 394-401.
  • Klir, Z., Potocnik, K., Antunovoc, Z., Nnovoselec, J., Barac, Z., Mulc, D., Kompan, D., 2015. Milk production traits from Alpine breed of goats of in Croatia and Slovenia. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 21, 1064-1068.
  • Landau, S., Vecht, J., Perevolotsky, A., 1993. Effects of two levels of concentrate supplementation on milk production of dairy goats browsing Mediterranean scrubland. Small Ruminant Research 11, 227-237.
  • Margatho, G., Rodiguez-Estevez, V., Medeiros L., Simoes, J., 2018. Seasonal variation of Serrana goat milk contents in mountain grazing system for cheese manufacture. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire 169, 166-172.
  • Mioč, B., Prpić, Z., Vnučec, I., Barać, Z., Sušić, V., Samaržija, D., Pavić, V., 2008. Factors affecting goat milk yield and composition. Mljekarstvo 58, 305-313.
  • Ogola, T.D.O., Kosgey, I.S., 2012. Breeding and development of dairy goats: eastern Africa experience. Livestock Research for Rural Development 24. Available at http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/1/ogol24021.htm [Verified 25 November 2019].
  • Park, Y., Pariza, M.W., 2007. Mechanisms of body fat modulation by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Food Research International 40, 311-323.
  • Park, Y.W., Juarez, M., Ramos, M., Haenlein, G.F.W., 2007. Physico-chemical characteristics of goat and sheep milk. Small Ruminant Research 68, 88-113.
  • Pollott, G., Wilson, R.T., 2009. Sheep and goats for diverse products and profits. 9th Diversification booklet, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
  • Prasad, H., Tewari, H.A., Sengar, O.P.S., 2005. Milk yield and composition of the Beetal breed and their crosses with Jamunapari, Barbari and Black Bengal breeds of goat. Small Ruminant Research 58, 195-199.
  • Rodríguez-Alcalá, L.M., Harte, F., Fontecha, J., 2009. Fatty acid profile and CLA isomers content of cow, ewe and goat milk processed by high pressure homogenization. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies 10, 32-36.
  • SAS. 2004. SAS Procedures Guide Release 9.1. SAS Inst Inc, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
  • Sedighi-Vesagh, R., Naserian, A.A., Ghaffari, M.H., Petit, H.V., 2015. Effects of pistachio by-products on digestibility, milk production, milk fatty acid profile and blood metabolites in Saanen dairy goats. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 99, 777-787.
  • Serradilla J.M.  2001. Use of high yielding goat breeds for milk production. Livestock Production Science 71, 59-73.
  • Shelton M.  1986. Breed use and crossbreeding in goat production. 3rd World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, Nebraska, USA.
  • Simopoulos, A., 2008. The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Experimental Biology and Medicine 233, 674-688.
  • Strzałkowska, N., Jóźwik, A., Bagnicka, E., Krzyżewski, J., Horbańczuk, K., Pyzel, B., Horbańczuk, J.O., 2009. Chemical composition, physical traits and fatty acid profile of goat milk as related to the stage of lactation. Animal Science Papers and Reports 27, 311-320.
  • Suranindyah, Y.Y., Khairy, D.H.A., Firdaus, N., 2018. Milk production and composition of Etqwah crossbred, Sapera and Saperong dairy goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International Journal of Dairy Science 13, 1-6. 
  • Talpur, F.N., Bhanger, M.I., Memon, N.N., 2009. Milk fatty acid composition of indigenous goat and ewe breeds from Sindh, Pakistan. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 22, 59-64.
  • Tsiplakou, E., Kotrotsios, V., Hadjigeorgiou, I., Zervas, G., 2010. Differences in sheep and goats milk fatty acid profile between conventional and organic farming systems. Journal of Dairy Research 77, 343-349.
  • Tudisco, R., Cutrignelli, M.I., Calabrò, S., Piccolo, G., Bovera, F., Guglielmelli, A., Moniello, G, Infascelli, F., 2010. Influence of organic systems on milk fatty acid profile and CLA in goats. Small Ruminant Research 88, 151-155.
  • Wanjekeche, E., Macosore, Z., Kiptanui, A., Lobeta, T., 2016. Quality and consumer acceptability of goat breed and lactation stage. African Crop Science Journal 24, 95-99.
  • Yurchenko, S., Sats, A., Tatar, V., Kaart, T., Mootse, H., Jõudu, I., 2018. Fatty acid profile of milk from Saanen and Swedish Landrace goats. Food Chemistry 254, 326-332.
  • Zervas, G., Tsiplakou, E., 2011. The effect of feeding systems on the characteristics of products from small ruminants. Small Ruminant Research 101, 140-149.
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
Volume 8, Issue 1
June 2020
Pages 69-78

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics