Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
Effects of extracts derived from pistachio by-products on ruminal fermentation and methane production
1
8
EN
P.
Shakeri
0000-0002-5653-6213
Animal Sciences Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural
Resource Research and Education Center , Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, Iran.
pirouz_shakeri@yahoo.co.uk
A.
Madahian
Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran.
ali_madahian@yahoo.com
A.
Moktarpour
Research Center of Special Domestic Animals, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
am.mokhtarpour@uoz.ac.ir
10.22103/jlst.2018.11380.1220
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of pistachio by-product (PBP) extracts supplemented with alfalfa hay (AH) or barley grain (BG) on microbial fermentation in an in vitro fermentation system. The total extracted phenolic compounds were 36.96, 65.78, 67.02 and 8.85% and total extracted tannin contents were 37.11, 59.64, 56.87 and 7.55% when PBP was extracted with water, ethanol 70%, methanol 80% and a mixture of chloroform and methanol, respectively. Adding the mixture of chloroform and methanol extracts to both substrates reduced the gas production (P<0.01). Most of PBP extracts caused a significant reduction (P<0.01) in ruminal ammonia compared to controls with both substrates while, the effects of PBP extracts on ammonia production were greater for BG than AH based substrate. The concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were higher (P<0.01) in all solvent extracts compared to control (except the low level of methanol PBP extract) with both substrates. Furthermore, in both substrates there was no decrease in methane productions with the addition of all extracts compared to controls. In conclusion, some of PBP extracts may have a favourable effect on rumen fermentation parameters such as gas production, ruminal ammonia and VFAs concentrations and they can also assist in developing novel feed additives for decreasing the nitrogen excretion in the ruminants.
phenolic compounds,tannin,ammonia,VFAs,in vitro
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2040.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2040_287c5fd8f60fc51c228637ea33228b8a.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
01
Digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, rumen and blood parameters in sheep fed diets containing hydroponic barley fodder
9
17
EN
Z.
Raeisi
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
a_raeesi67@yahoo.com
R.
Tahmasbi
0000-0002-5211-657X
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
reza.tahmasbi@gmail.com
O.
Dayani
0000-0002-7067-8242
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
odayani@uk.ac.ir
A.
Ayatollahi Mehrgardi
0000-0001-7698-063X
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
a_ayatmehr@yahoo.com
I.
Tavassolian
Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
10.22103/jlst.2017.10424.1211
This experiment was conducted to determine the possibility of replacing part of the barley grain by hydroponic barley fodder (HBF), and evaluating its effect on digestibility, rumen parameters, microbial protein synthesis and blood parameters in sheep. Four male Kermani sheep, 18-month-old (34.7 ± 1 kg live weight) were randomly assigned to a change over 4 × 4 design and fed the experimental diets for 21 d; 16 d for adaptation and 5 d for sample collection. Hydroponic-grown barley fodder replaced barley grain in the experimental diets. The experimental diets were: 1) control diet (without hydroponic barley fodder), 2) diet containing 7% of hydroponic barley fodder, 3) diet containing 14% of hydroponic barley fodder and 4) diet containing 21% of hydroponic barley fodder. Results showed that dry matter intake (DMI), nitrogen intake and retention and digestibility of nutrients increased (P<0.05) by increasing the amount of hydroponic barley fodder in experimental diets. Ammonia-nitrogen production changed cubically with increasing level of HBF in the experimental diets (P<0.05). In conclusion, the increase in DMI, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention suggests that up to 21% of HBF may be fed to sheep. However, an economic analysis is needed before recommendation for practical use at the farm level.
feed,forage,germination,grain,nutrients
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2042.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2042_565d44cd0bdfecc57eaabf46ac327db9.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
01
Effects of replacing soybean meal with canola meal and decreasing crude protein on milk production and nutrient utilization of dairy cows in early lactation
19
29
EN
J.
Toti
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
ghasemi.e@gmail.com
E.
Ghasemi
0000-0002-5248-1980
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
ghasemi@iut.ac.ir
M.
Khorvash
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
khorvash@cc.iut.ac.ir
10.22103/jlst.2018.10824.1207
This study investigated the effects of replacing soybean meal (SM) with canola meal (CM) and decreasing crude protein (CP) levels in CM based diets on performance of dairy cows when different sources of processed grains and CM were used. Canola meal was untreated or roasted at 130°C for 30 minutes and grains sources (corn and barley) were either ground or steamed-flaked. Eight Holstein cows (2nd lactations; 42 ± 2 d in milk; 600±20 kg body weight) were used in a 4×4 Latin square design with 4 treatments. Treatments were a control diet based on SM containing 16.5% CP (SM), or 1 of 3 diets based on CM as (1) untreated CM + ground grain sources containing 17.7% dietary CP (CM-17.7), 2) treated CM + ground grain sources containing 16.5 % dietary CP (CM-16.5), and 3) treated CM + steam flaked grain sources containing 15.3 % dietary CP (CM-15.3). Diets were iso-energetic, however, the estimated metabolizable protein (MP) and Lys: Met ratio were the highest in the SM diet but both values were gradually decreased with reducing dietary CP in the CM diets. Feeding CM diets led to similar intake, milk yield and efficiency, as well as nitrogen (N) efficiency (milk N/N intake) as compared to SM diet. However, milk fat content tended to be lower in SM diet than in CM diets. Digestibility of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was lower in cows fed CM-17.7 than those fed either SM, or CM-16.5, CM-15.3 diets. Decreasing dietary CP in the CM diets had no significant effects on DM intake, milk production or milk composition, whereas N efficiency was linearly increased. Different diets or dietary CP level had no significant effect on plasma parameters. In conclusion, the present study indicated that replacing SM with CM resulted in similar milk yield and efficiency. Decreasing dietary CP from 17.7 to 15.3 % by feeding a mixture of treated CM and steam flaked grain sources did not affect milk production but improved N efficiency of dairy cows in early lactation.
canola meal,crude protein,dairy cows,soybean meal
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2056.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2056_9e72ad2ab2b7a2cc9f2dbdb93b8a8966.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
Growth performance, intestinal microflora, and meat quality of broiler chickens fed lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) powder
31
38
EN
A.
Salajegheh
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
M.
Salarmoini
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
M.
Afsharmanesh
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
M. H.
Salajegheh
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran.
10.22103/jlst.2018.10340.1195
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) powder as an herbal feed additive on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, jejunal histomorphology, and ileal microbial population in broiler chickens. A total of two hundred twenty one day-old male broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates (11 birds per replicate) for 42 days. Experimental diets consisted of a basal diet without any additives as control group and the basal diet containing flavophospholipol (0.02 %) or 3 levels of lavender powder (0.3, 1 or 1.7 %). Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured during the starter (1- 10 d), grower (11- 24 d) and finisher (25-42 d) periods. The results showed that lavender powder (at 1 % level) significantly increased feed intake during the finisher and entire rearing periods. Also, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio improved during the grower, finisher and entire rearing periods. Lavender powder significantly decreased (P<0.01) jejunal crypt depth and increased (P<0.01) villous height: crypt depth ratio compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and cooking loss of meat samples were significantly decreased in birds fed 1 % lavender powder (P<0.01). Overall, the results of this experiment showed that lavender powder may be used to improve growth performance and meat quality in broiler chickens.
broiler,flavophospholipol,lavender,meat quality,performance
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2054.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2054_973b89c66ad1e78f0bac711488377048.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
The ameliorative effect of mycosorb in aflatoxin contaminated diet of broiler chickens
39
47
EN
A.
Saki
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517833131, Iran.
dralisaki@yahoo.com
A.
Rahmani
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517833131, Iran.
abrahmani@gmail.com
H.
Mahmoudi
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517833131, Iran.
mahmoudi.ho@gmail.com
M. M.
Tabatabaei
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517833131, Iran.
m-tabatabai@basu.ac.ir
P.
Zamani
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517833131, Iran.
pzamani@basu.ac.ir
A. R.
Khosravi
Animal Science Department, Veterinary Faculty, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
10.22103/jlst.2018.8827.1154
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Aflatoxins (AF) on broiler performance, organ weight, plasma characteristics, protein digestibility, and metabolizable energy of the diets. Dietary treatments were: 1) control diet based on corn and soybean meal; 2, 3 and 4) control diet plus 1 mg kg-1 AF, 1 mg kg-1 AF and 0.25% mycosorb, and 0.25% Mycosorb, respectively. The results in the Aflatoxins and Aflatoxins+ mycosorb treatments showed that dietary AF, significantly decreased the feed intake and weight gain as compared to the control diet (P<0.001). Treatment 2 resulted in inferior feed conversation ratio in comparison to the control diet (p<0.05). Uric acid and total protein in the second and third, and phosphorous only in the third treatment were significantly lower than the control (P<0.05). The in-vivo protein and dry matter digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen corrected-apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) were not affected by the treatment (P>0.05). Aflatoxin resulted in the proventriculus enlargement, increased liver weight and AF deposition in the liver and breast muscle (P<0.05). This study clearly demonstrated that Mycosorb was effective in alleviating the adverse effects of dietary aflatoxins in broiler chickens.
Aflatoxin,broiler,Mycosorb,protein digestibility
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2057.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2057_32320281c0aad8e7afc839a997fd6078.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
Nano-calcium carbonate: Effect on performance traits and egg quality in laying hens
49
56
EN
S.
Ganjigohari
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.
N.
Ziaei
0000-0002-5800-0498
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.
nemat.ziaei@ujiroft.ac.ir
A.
Ramazani Ghara
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran.
S.
Tasharrofi
Natural Resource and Agricultural Research and Education Center of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
10.22103/jlst.2018.2051
A ten-week trial was carried out to determine the effect of different levels of nano-calcium carbonate (NCC) on egg production performance and egg quality. A completely randomized experiment was designed comprising 6 treatments, each with 4 replicates of 5 hens. Groups 1 and 2 were fed diets containing 8.06% and 6.045% calcium carbonate (CC) as positive and negative control respectively. Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 received diets with 4.03% CC plus 2.015, 1.01, 0.252 and 0.126% NCC respectively. Egg production at 32 wks of age was significantly reduced by the lowest dietary supplementation with NCC (T6) (P<0.05). However, dietary treatments had no significant effect on egg weight, egg mass and FCR (P>0.05). The lowest egg shape index was recorded for the birds fed T6 at 31 and 33 wks of age (P<0.05). Hens fed T6 had the lowest egg specific gravity at 29 wks of age compared to those fed other diets. However, the lowest egg specific gravity at 33 wks of age belonged to the birds which received T3. Dietary treatments had no effect on the Haugh unit. Hens on T6 had the highest yolk color at 33 wks of age compared to those receiving other treatments (P<0.05). It was concluded that it is possible to utilize NCC at the level of 0.252 to 2.015% instead of 4.03% CC in laying hen diets. However, longer term studies are suggested to determine the potential of nano-calcium carbonate, as a new calcium source, on egg production performance and egg quality in laying hens.
nano-calcium carbonate,laying hen,performance traits,egg quality
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2051.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2051_0ce17584cc9215b2648727ae340e4511.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
Evaluation of camel milk as an extender for short-term storage of ram semen at 15°C
57
64
EN
A.
Benmoula
INRA–Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique de Settat, BP589, Settat, Morocco.
A.
Badi
INRA–Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique de Settat, BP589, Settat, Morocco.
A.
Hilali
Laboratoire d’agroalimentaire et santé, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan1, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco.
K.
El Khalil
INRA–Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique de Settat, BP589, Settat, Morocco.
L.
Allai
Laboratoire d’agroalimentaire et santé, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan1, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco.
M.
El Fadili
INRA–Division Scientifique, Département des Productions Animales, BP 415 RP, Avenue Hassan II, Rabat, Maroc.
B.
Elamiri
INRA–Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique de Settat, BP589, Settat, Morocco.
bouchraelamiri@hotmail.com
10.22103/jlst.2017.10987.1212
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of modified camel milk (MCAM) and skim cow milk (SCOM) on semen quality of INRA180 and Boujaâd ram breeds, stored at 15°C for up to 24 hours. Semen samples were collected from eleven mature rams (6 from INRA180 and 5 from Boujaâd rams) and extended in SCOM vs MCAM, to reach a final concentration of 0.8×109 spermatozoa/mL, and stored at 15°C for 24 hours. The quality assessment was performed at different storage periods (0, 2, 8 and 24 hours). The results showed that the stored sperm quality varied significantly from breed to breed and sperm response to milk extenders differed between ram breeds. The MCAM showed a clear beneficial effect on stored sperm quality, compared to SCOM especially for motility, lipid peroxidation, and membrane integrity. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the pregnancy rate after insemination with stored semen.
camel milk,ram semen,ram breed,chilled semen
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2053.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2053_e9a733b3767874f0a03c05ec52dafecd.pdf
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Society of Animal Science
Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies
2322-3553
2322-374X
6
1
2018
04
23
In silico cloning and bioinformatics study of Brucella melitensis Omp31 antigen in different mammalian expression vectors
65
76
EN
M.
Shojaei
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
M.
Tahmoorespur
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
M.
Soltani
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
M. H.
Sekhavati
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22103/jlst.2018.10313.1192
Brucella melitensis, as a pathogenic gram-negative intracellular bacterium, causes brucellosis in animals and humans. According to literature, the B. melitensis outer membrane protein 31 (Omp31) is considered as an important vaccine candidate against brucellosis. The aim of the current study was to compare three different expression constructs containing B. melitensis Omp31 antigen using bioinformatics analysis approaches to facilitate choosing the best immunogenic construct. The coding sequence of Omp31 gene was PCR amplified, TA cloned and sequenced. The obtained DNA sequence was in silico cloned in pcDNA3.1/Hygro (+), pcDNA3.1/His A and pSecTag2/Hygro mammalian expression vectors using CLC Main Workbench 5.5 software. The Omp31 gene was successfully cloned into the pTZ57R/T vector, and recombination was confirmed by colony PCR and sequencing. Comparison of the obtained Omp31 sequence with other Omp31 gene sequences showed high similarities. Bioinformatics analysis of three different mammalian expression vectors harboring Omp31 gene made it possible to choose the best immunogenic structure for further studies in order to design effective DNA vaccines against brucellosis.
bioinformatics,Brucella melitensis,in silico cloning,Omp31
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2052.html
https://lst.uk.ac.ir/article_2052_46cd59d98525dcc5770de81e25cd3ceb.pdf